What is reticular varicose veins of lower extremities?

Varicose veins reticular is common among many adults. As the disease manifests itself, and if there are effective ways of therapeutic effects on the patient blood vessels?

What is it?

Network (from the Latin word reticulum — net) or varicose veins in the form of a grid is not independent of the type of pathology, and reticular varicose form of the disease, in its initial stage. It is characterized by the expansion of the small intradermal surface blood vessels and the appearance of telangiectasias.

Telangiectasia is visible under the skin plexus extended up to 0.5-1 mm of arterioles, venules and capillaries that manifest in the form of cyanotic-red spots with branches, resembles the form of a grid, spider-like plexus of veins.

The disease is diagnosed more frequently in women. According to the results of the medical research, clean varicose veins detected in 35-45% of women and 15-20% of adult men.

Causes

The main reasons for the development of the disease:

• decrease of the elasticity and the density of the vascular wall.
• violation of the circulation of the blood;
• not satisfactory work of the venous valves.

Among the factors that cause changes in the blood vessels that provide:

• the period of carrying a child, especially from 5 to 9 months of gestation, due to the increased volume of blood in the blood vessels, increasing the load on the legs, compression of the veins of the abdomen by the growing uterus;
• the hormonal surges during pregnancy and menopause;
• genetic predisposition to weakness of the wall of venous because of the interruption of the structure of the connective tissue;
• the excess weight with the increase of the body mass index of 27 kg/m², the probability of disease is increased by 30%;
• career with a long stay in a standing position, sitting, periodic lifting and carrying heavy loads (loaders, heavy weight athletes, vendors, hairdressers, travelers);
• the use of the corset, belts that increase the pressure inside the peritoneum of tight jeans that constrict the blood vessels in the groin area;
• prolonged use of corticosteroids and hormonal birth control pills;
• diabetes, hypertension, dermatological disorders, including rosacea;
• fractures of the extremities;
• excessive and prolonged exposure to the sun, Not;
• the low amount of fibre in the diet leads to prolonged constipation, which contributes to the appearance of varicose veins, lack of nutrients – weakening of vessel walls.

Symptoms

Basic characteristics of the initial stage of reticular veins:

• the appearance of a blue-red telangiectasia point, star, mesh patches of different sizes and contrast, which are often found in the ankles, behind the knees, the hips, after pressing, is pale, but immediately appear again;
• heaviness, tension in the calf muscles, fatigue when walking.

The symptoms that occur if the disease develops:

• the spread of the legs to clean the skin, increasing the diameter of the capillaries;
• feeling of fullness in the legs, tingling, "creepy" (paresthesia);
• cramps in the calf muscles during the night or in the morning;
• nagging pain;
• soft edema of the feet, the calves, the ankles towards night, which disappears by morning;
• itching of the skin over the areas of extension, reticular blood vessels;
• burning in the line of the affected vessel;
• tenderness when squeezing the calf muscles;
• the progressive bulging of the subcutaneous veins, the formation of bumps with a size of 2 to 4 mm.
• the manifestation of brown or white spots in the course of the blood vessels, swelling, redness.

If the time does not take measures to identify the causes of the disease and remove its first signs, pathology would go to persistent dilation. In this case, under the skin formed vascular knots, the vessels are tortuous, walk it hurts.

The progression of the disease threatening consequences, acute thrombophlebitis, non-healing trophic ulcers, the development of venous insufficiency, bleeding, thrombosis.

Diagnosis

Definition of reticular veins is not difficult for a specialist. To evaluate the prevalence of abnormal process, the degree of hemodynamic instability (blood flow), the velocity distribution of blood flow, to detect signs of thrombosis, use diagnostic techniques:

• ultrasound examination;
• duplex procedure;
• ultrasonic dopplerography of veins,
• x-ray, radionuclide methods.

Treatment

To treat varicose veins clean need immediately after diagnosis to avoid getting the disease in the phase of chronic, complications.

The majority of methods of treatment receives the patient from the outside signs of the disease. To cure the disease, you need to carry out an extensive examination of the doctor to find the cause of the weakness of the blood vessels and blood flow disorders.

The compression tights

When the reticular veins or subcutaneous networks in patients and healthy people with a tendency to the disease of the need to buy compression socks, stockings. Directed therapeutic compression is an important part of the treatment.

Compression hosiery is designed to create in different parts of the foot to different pressure.

The most pressure falls on the ankle since the blood work turns. The storage of supports and compresses the dilation of blood vessels, helping the blood flow, eliminating stasis. In the thigh compression is reduced almost 2.5 times, as in this region the load in ships of less.

Constant mild compression of the veins preventing the expansion, normalizes microcirculation, eliminates pockets, prevents the blocking of the light, for the formation of blood clots.

Other therapies bezoperatsionnye

Among others, common conservative methods of treatment of varicose veins reticulate micro-sclerotherapy and laser photocoagulation.

Micro-sclerotherapy is the most common method for the recovery of reticular veins and eliminate telangiectasias. During the procedure of use of a substance that's special that no cutting needle is introduced into the vessel. Substance causes micro damage to the internal walls of the vein or capillary. The lesions are overgrown, the reduction of the internal lumen. On the site of the old ship is made up of a chain of connective tissue (scar), which was agreed in 10-12 months.

Sclerotherapy practice in the technique of liquid when the vessel is introduced into the liquid composition, or in the most advanced technique — Foam-form sclerotherapy (foam). In the second embodiment, the current solution is a micro-foam, which is better distributed on the affected ship.

The procedure is often carried out under video surveillance, the control of the process by the scanner unit.

Laser coagulation of blood vessels – save and effective method at the same time, guarantees the removal procedure is quick, bloodless, without affecting the healthy tissue. The procedure is performed under ultrasound control.

Through a puncture in the skin, the doctor inserted into the lumen of the diseased vein, a catheter thin with a laser fiber. Under the high temperature from the laser beam, the walls of the affected blood vessels are sealed.

Depends on the number of vascular branching in the sclerotherapy and laser treatment lasts 15-60 minutes. To Express the result therapeutic requires 2 to 5 sessions.

Treatment using sclerotherapy or laser beam is performed more frequently on an outpatient basis and with local anesthesia. To get out of the clinic the patient after 2-4 hours. After the intervention the treated area impose a pressure bandage for 4-10 days. The compression tights is from 7 to 30 days. In 2-4 days, the patient returns to normal rhythm of life.

After the treatment is recommended 3-4 months:

• drink up to 2-3 litres of fluid a day to keep the fluid properties of the blood;
• take all medicines prescribed by a doctor;
• not to neglect the compression of the knitwear with long walks, stay in the place of work in standing or sitting;
• walk a lot;
• to abandon high-heel shoes.

Other methods of treatment of reticular veins include 3 method of therapy.

1. Radiofrequency obliteration of the vessels (equipment EVRF, RFO). Radio wave radiation is generated by the medical device, fixed on the extremity of the catheter. Under the action of the radio waves from the wall of the vein stick together, the vein disappears, and the tissue formed in its place, is solved.
2. Thermal occlusion micro pulse steam (SVS technique). The technique, developed by French doctors. Involves the treatment of light varicose veins vessel, hot steam that comes through introduced catheter. The steam penetrates difficult to access anatomically difficult, vascular branches, narrowing and "glue" the capillaries and venules.
3. The method of treatment with biological glue (Venaseal) – new highly efficient and gentle way. It is often used in the treatment of reticular veins in the initial phase of expansion. In the boat under ultrasound guidance using a syringe and catheter is a special glue. Vienna is compressed dramatically, the walls are glued together. Vascular subcutaneous mesh disappears almost immediately. In the treatment of small vessels do not need to wear compression tights after the intervention. Allergic reactions are excluded because special glue is a natural product.

Surgical treatment

Phlebectomy surgery for varicose veins of the lower extremities. It is done when the diameter of the enlarged receptacle up to 10 mm.

Through a small incision the surgeon removes the surface of the vessel, which bandages and cuts. The surgery is done under local anesthesia. The operation is performed with a minimum of tissue damage, not just cosmetic defects.

The popular treatment

Recipes for the home medicine in the treatment of reticular veins are used in addition to therapy. Good result give in a joint application with drugs, pharmaceutical ointments, using compression hosiery, especially in the first stage of telangiectasias.

1. It is not a question ripe young fruit of horse chestnut (50 g), finely chopped, pour a glass of vodka and leave for 20 days. After the effort of 3 weeks, three times a day for 15-20 drops. After 2 weeks break can be repeated.
2. Cabbage leaves wash and put in cold water for 24 hours. Before sleep to dry skin of the affected area to apply the leaves and not tight bandage. The treatment is carried out every day for 1-2 months.
3. Dry birch buds sleep in a flask of 0.5 liters by 1/3. Pour vodka to the rim, insist 10 days. Dye RUB gently the areas with telangiectasia.

Prevention

To avoid the appearance of subcutaneous "stars" you should follow a few guidelines:

• do not carry heavy objects, including bags of food;
• do not take hot baths, no saunas;
• wearing stockings elastic or stockings with compression;
• in the home more often to keep the legs horizontal raised position;
• sitting at work to create the conditions so that the lower extremities were in a horizontal position, every 2-3 hours for 10 minutes of rest for a special exercises to increase the flow of blood;
• to progress further, to Hiking, to not overdo it;
• to make baths of contrast or bath for your feet;
• use a healing ointment for the prevention of venous changes, taking medicines to strengthen the vascular tone, on the recommendation of phlebologist;
• swim in the pool with hot water;

You need to adjust your diet to get rid of excess body weight, to stop Smoking.